An Assessment Method for Determination and Management of Parking Demand in City Centers, Ýzmir Alsancak

Increasing urbanization and car ownership in Turkey cause to transportation problems in cities. In zoning and transportation plans, parking demand has been ignored. Due to the high demand in city centers that attract trips from all over the city, parking demand could not meet the supply. This situation has led to the building new parking facilities within the scope of traditional management strategies. Different methods of determining the demand are discussed in the literature in an attempt to manage the parking supply efficiently. Accordingly, in this study, determining parking demand method has been applied with using land use, road qualities and alternative transportation criterions in area defined over walking distance of three off-street parking facilities in Alsancak, the city center of Ýzmir. This method applied with ArcGIS program and demand density was calculated using eight different parameters. The probability of parking demands has been evaluated with different weights and the probability that land use is first priority has been evaluated. As a result, it has been determined that the demand is condensed in the southern regions of Alsancak. In this context, when three off-street parking facilities are examined, it’s concluded that fully automated car parking facility is advantageous with regards to both site selection and design. In addition, evaluations were made regarding the location and design of off-road parking lots and demand management strategies and suggestions were developed.

Kent Merkezlerinde Otopark Talebinin Belirlenmesine ve Yönetilmesine Ýliþkin Bir Deðerlendirme Yöntemi, Ýzmir Alsancak

Türkiye’de hýzla artmakta olan kentleþme ve taþýt sahipliliði, kentlerde ulaþým sorunlarýnýn yaþanmasýna yol açmaktadýr. Kentlerde ulaþým ve imar planlarý otomobil odaklý olmasýna karþýn otopark ihtiyacý göz ardý edilmiþtir. Kentin her yerinden yolculuk çeken kent merkezlerinde talebin yüksek olmasýna baðlý olarak otopark alanlarý ihtiyacý karþýlayamamýþtýr. Bu durum geleneksel yönetim stratejileri çerçevesinde yeni yol dýþý genel otopark alanlarýnýn oluþturulmasýna sebep olmuþtur. Literatürde otopark arzýný verimli yönetmek amacýyla talebin belirlenmesine iliþkin farklý yöntemler ele alýnmýþtýr. Bu çalýþmada örnek alan Ýzmir’in kent merkezi Alsancak’taki üç yol dýþý genel otoparkýn (çok katlý otopark, tam otomatik otopark ve yeraltý otoparký) yürüme mesafesi üzerinden tanýmlanan etki alanýnda otopark talebinin belirlenmesine iliþkin arazi kullaným, yol nitelikleri ve alternatif ulaþým parametreleri kullanýlarak bir deðerlendirme yöntemi uygulanmýþtýr. ArcGIS programý ile uygulanan yöntemde; sekiz farklý parametre kullanýlarak alandaki otopark talep daðýlýmý hesaplanmýþtýr. Parametrelerin farklý aðýrlýklarýna göre deðerlendi-rilen otopark talep olasýlýklarý içerisinden arazi kullanýmlarla ilgili parametrelerin aðýrlýkta olduðu olasýlýk seçilerek deðerlendirmeler yapýlmýþtýr. Sonuçta talebin Alsancak’ýn güney bölgelerinde yoðunlaþtýðý tespit edilmiþtir. Bu kapsamda üç yol dýþý otopark incelendiðinde hem yer seçimi hem de tasarým açýsýnda tam otomatik otoparkýnýn avantajlý olduðu sonucuna varýlmýþtýr. Ayrýca yol dýþý otoparklarýn yer seçimi, tasarýmý ve talep yönetim stratejilerine iliþkin deðerlendirmeler yapýlmýþ ve öneriler geliþtirilmiþtir.