The Importance of Creative Industries in the Local Economy and The Contribution of Design to Creative Industries

The idea of creative industries was emerged in Australia in the early 1990s but appeared to be discussed in detail in England in the late 90s. This idea has come on the agenda in order to create new jobs and ensure economic growth. Some politicians have realized that the economy which was based on the manufacturing was no longer effective in the new world order. They have tried to develop new models for local development and they have also discovered that the creative people and the creative industries those people creates are sources of this development. ‘Design’ and ‘Architecture’ -that assessed under the title of ‘Creative Industries and Activities’ by European Commission- are the areas that creativity and therefore creative people are focused. The statistics obtained from this research showed that the creative industries have a remarkable portion in the gross national income among the other sectors (food, beverage, tobacco manufacturing sector) and they are also growing fast. In this paper, the development of creative industries and their current situation in the world will be covered in the first place, and then the position of creative industries in the local economy will be evaluated.

Yaratýcý Endüstrilerin Yerel Ekonomilerdeki Önemi Ve Tasarýmýn Bu Endüstrilere Katkýsý

1990’larýn baþlarýnda Avustralya’da ortaya çýkan, ancak 90’larýn sonlarýnda Ýngiltere’de detaylý bir þekilde ele alýndýðý görülen yaratýcý endüstriler fikri, yeni iþ alanlarý yaratmak ve ekonomik büyümeyi saðlamak amacýyla gündeme gelmiþtir. Yeni dünya düzeninde artýk üretime dayalý bir ekonominin etkili olmadýðýný fark eden politikacýlar, yerel kalkýnma için yeni modeller geliþtirmeye çalýþmýþlar, bunun kaynaðýnýn da yaratýcý insanlar ve oluþturduklarý yaratýcý endüstriler olduðunu keþfetmiþlerdir (Florida, 2004; Scott, 2006; Landry, 2000; Hartley, 2005).
Avrupa Komisyonu tarafýndan ‘Yaratýcý Endüstriler ve Aktiviteler’ baþlýðý altýnda deðerlendirilen ‘tasarým’ ve ‘mimarlýk’, yaratýcýlýðýn ve dolayýsýyla yaratýcý insanlarýn yoðunlaþtýðý alanlardýr. Yapýlan araþtýrmalar sonucunda ortaya çýkan istatistikler yaratýcý endüstrilerin gayri safi milli hasýlanýn içinde diðer sektörlerin (yiyecek, içecek, tütün üretimi sektörü) yanýnda önemli bir yer tuttuðunu ve hýzlý büyüyen bir sektör olduðunu göstermiþlerdir.
Bu makalede öncelikle yaratýcý endüstrilerin dünyadaki geliþimi ve bugün ki durumu ele alýnacak, sonrasýnda yerel ekonomiler içerisindeki konumu deðerlendirilecektir.