Public spaces, which can be identified as socialization places where products and informations are exchanged and shared, are also important focal points and contact surfaces in the urban environment. Depending on the land ownership pattern and organization of urban space, public spaces subsisted as central, unique, defined and spontaneous spatial configurations in the historical process. Random or conscious emplacement of various functions around public spaces has allowed different uses for everyday life of individuals. Therefore, the image public spaces occurred spontaneously and changed in time with cultural and spatial transformations.

The utilizations and the image of public spaces without the need of any attractive elements have been transformed over time by the attachment of different functions deliberately. Kinds of actions are carried out to create new identities and brands for public spaces, such as “multiplication” of space which reduces the focus effect and also “competition” with each other by using various attractive features. In this context, public spaces are forced to take artificial images to become more attractive than the other. Due to this compulsory image concern, public spaces lose their unique identities and used as a magnet for attracting people with their showcases although they protect the position of being centre of social networking epistemologically. The functionality and aesthetic of the buildings surrounding public spaces were replaced by prestige and power. Another mechanism for this power show is the applications of authoritarian regimes on public spaces with the desire of persistence. The symbolic buildings which added to public spaces to leave a trace are also change the image of space in association with recent trends and movements.

In the scope of this research and review study, the evolutionary image process of public spaces is investigated paradigmatically. The study aims to emphasize the fracture process of the philosophy of public spaces that shaped from past to present. In this respect; the concept of public space, their evolution process and the natural / artificial images of public spaces were examined throughout three examples.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has changed and continues to change the managing systems of societies. In this new Golden Age of technology, cyberspace, especially the Internet, has changed governments’ management systems in large scales. E-government has become a path toward a solution for the government to meet people’s needs, which are independent of their gender, their living place and social situation.
In this article, the aim is to assess electronic government and its effect on management and planning organizations or other institutions to evaluate the range of development and Sociocultural changes in a country with a critical political situation.
This article prepares a view over the concepts related to the e-government phenomenon and reviews the e-government being used in Iran.
Keywords: Electronic Government, urban management strategies, sociocultural changes, Iran.

This paper examines the reason why media has recently subjected and represented “urban affairs” more intensely. Further, it argues the impact of the media practices which has expanded its urban discourses in the production of urban space and urban image throughout a political and economic perspective. To what circumstances media has succeeded in legitimization about certain urban politics (such as housing politics) is the main concern of this study.
In order to (re)draw the relationship among the state, capital and civil society regarding the articulation of media in urban political context, the contemporary urban planning procedure and especially late urban space production practices are investigated. Namely, media has become a significant instrument in creating urban fantasies in housing / living environment. Alongside the aims at increasing the consumption of commodified housing and constructing hegemony; media is used to penetrate planning issues even in juridical progress related the local authority's planning decisions. The struggle among the civil society, capitalist state actions obviously produce urban space. This assumption is unfortunately altered with media’ instrumental efforts through manufacturing the consent in the public. Hereby, the forms of state intervention in urban space has manipulated in this framework. This article illustrates the put forward premise with a housing project called “Sinpaş Altınoran” which is situated in an urban renewal project area in Ankara. Historical development of the project, jurisdiction process, media relevancies and the political actors/agents involved in this production of space is scanned within this context.

Urban transformation projects in Turkey come up as a new urbanization project. Starting from the early 2000's to the present day, several legal arrangements about urban transformation have been made. According to these regulations, delegated acting authority is increasingly centralized and urgency is becoming an integral parts of urban renewal process. As a result, same urban transformation projects are offered in Turkey's large metropolitan areas, especially in urban centers and areas with high rent value, causing local characteristics and local issues of these areas to be ignored in the process. In addition, with the facilities afforded by the law, authority to conduct urban transformation projects can be centralized on a single institution.

In this study, urban transformation laws enacted after 2000's, and these laws are examined regarding for which areas of the city Ankara. In the study, realization of urban transformation laws within the legal framework is discussed, legal issues are examined and authority transfers are identified. In the study, whether or not intended discourse like "healthy and safe living environments renewed in accordance with norms of science and art...”are real or truthful is determined. Urban transformation areas in the province of Ankara include urban transformation projects completed between 2000 and 2014, projects in the implementation stage and projects in the announcement stage.

Urban space acquires different features over time through the changes in its social and economic characteristics and production and consumption structure. Urban centres and their environs are the spaces where these changes and transformations could be observed most clearly (Gökçe 2005, 73). Spaces in historical cities are shaped by the choices made in accordance with the requirements of the social and economic conditions of the era that they represent. In other words, these spaces are shaped by the choice regarding what function should be together or separate, which is related to the economic function of the city during that period. Historic commercial centres are subject to continuous change and transformation due to the changing socio-economic and cultural structure and relations of production and consumption. Organized within a traditional structure, these spaces have survived until today with their altering meanings and different identities as well as the restructuration they went through because of the socio-economic transformation processes. Besides, they are not only shopping areas or consumption spaces but also urban areas with a traditional style of manufacture and crafts. In this study, spatial change of commercial functions is reviewed in two time periods: in the 16th century, when the historical commercial centre completed its formation, and at the present time in Bursa Historical City Centre.

Considering the fact that crime rates and criminals must be taken as source matters before all else, if it’s necessary for creating a vision of more suitable cities for living by city administrators being the main decision makers. First step for achieving spacious surroundings for urban space is to prevent any unpleasant possibility such as children included in current generation turning into a criminal in the future. It’s known that enviromental factors may affect children more than adults; therefore, the main focus on most of the crime preventing study cases must deal with the surroundings of the children rather than where the crime itself has been committed. However, prejudiced manners and behaviors of local citizens might alienate children, casting them out of certain urban areas. In the end, spatial-origined casting out evidently leaves an influence for price value of urban land. This case study evaluates any relevant correlation between spatial-origined casting out and the price value of urban lands.